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Hibernate Spring 3 integration

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This tutorial is focused on usage of Hibernate with Spring 3 framework. I will show that how a basic end to end application flow looks like as a result of this integration.

spring 3 hibernate integration example
Employee management screen
Development environment
Download source code
For those, who are not using maven for dependency management and are relying on downloaded jar files. I have created another project with all required jar files included in source code to download. Also, I have done integration using Spring 3.2.5 and hibernate 4.
So if you fall into any of above two category, please read below linked post in case any problem.
Spring 3.2.5.RELEASE and Hibernate 4 Integration Example Tutorial with All Jar files
To build this example project, I will guide you step by step. I this way we able to walk through some concepts also.
Step 1) Create a maven web application using below command from command prompt.
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.howtodoinjava.app -DartifactId=Spring3HibernateIntegration
-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
Now, convert this web application to ecplise dynamic web project using below commands.
cd Spring3HibernateIntegration
mvn eclipse:eclipse -Dwtpversion=2.0
Step 2) Update pom.xml file to include spring 3 and hibernate dependencies. It will also include mysql driver added in project references. Now again execute command “mvn eclipse:eclipse -Dwtpversion=2.0” to reflect the dependencies in project.
As pom.xml file is too big so I am not writing it here in this post. If you want see the file, please download the project from download link and use it.
Step 3) Now lets decide out database table structure because it will be needed when we will write the entity classes in next step.
CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE
(
    ID          INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    FIRSTNAME   VARCHAR(30),
    LASTNAME    VARCHAR(30),
    TELEPHONE   VARCHAR(15),
    EMAIL       VARCHAR(30),
    CREATED     TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW()
);
Step 4) Now its time to write EmployeeEntity.java. This class will be mapped to Employee table in database using hibernate. JPA will include any class annotated with @Entity in the persistence management setup. You don’t need persistence.xml if you use annotations.
package com.howtodoinjava.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="EMPLOYEE")
public class EmployeeEntity 
{
    @Id
    @Column(name="ID")
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;
    @Column(name="FIRSTNAME")
    private String firstname;
    @Column(name="LASTNAME")
    private String lastname;
    @Column(name="EMAIL")
    private String email;
    @Column(name="TELEPHONE")
    private String telephone;
    //Add setters and getters
}
Step 5) Lets write our DAO classes which will be responsible for database interaction. This class will be essentially using the hibernate session factory for database interaction. The session factory implementation will be injected into reference variable at runtime using spring IoC feature.
EmployeeDao.java
package com.howtodoinjava.dao;

import java.util.List;
import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity;

public interface EmployeeDAO
{
    public void addEmployee(EmployeeEntity employee);
    public List<EmployeeEntity> getAllEmployees();
    public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId);
}
EmployeeDaoImpl.java
package com.howtodoinjava.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity;

@Repository
public class EmployeeDaoImpl implements EmployeeDAO
{
    @Autowired
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    @Override
    public void addEmployee(EmployeeEntity employee) {
        this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(employee);
    }
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    public List<EmployeeEntity> getAllEmployees() {
        return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from EmployeeEntity").list();
    }
    @Override
    public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId) {
        EmployeeEntity employee = (EmployeeEntity) sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().load(
                EmployeeEntity.class, employeeId);
        if (null != employee) {
            this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().delete(employee);
        }
    }
}
Step 5) I have written a manager layer also which seems redundant in this demo due less complexity but it as always considered best practice if you write this. This layer will simply take call from controller and pass this call to dao layer.
EmployeeManager.java
package com.howtodoinjava.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity;

public interface EmployeeManager {
    public void addEmployee(EmployeeEntity employee);
    public List<EmployeeEntity> getAllEmployees();
    public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId);
}
EmployeeManagerImpl.java
package com.howtodoinjava.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.howtodoinjava.dao.EmployeeDAO;
import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity;

@Service
public class EmployeeManagerImpl implements EmployeeManager 
{
    @Autowired
    private EmployeeDAO employeeDAO;
    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void addEmployee(EmployeeEntity employee) {
        employeeDAO.addEmployee(employee);
    }
    @Override
    @Transactional
    public List<EmployeeEntity> getAllEmployees() {
        return employeeDAO.getAllEmployees();
    }
    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId) {
        employeeDAO.deleteEmployee(employeeId);
    }
    public void setEmployeeDAO(EmployeeDAO employeeDAO) {
        this.employeeDAO = employeeDAO;
    }
}
Step 6) Now its time to write the controller which will actually be called from spring framework’s dispatcher servlet to process actual application logic.
EditEmployeeController.java

package com.howtodoinjava.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity;
import com.howtodoinjava.service.EmployeeManager;

@Controller
public class EditEmployeeController 
{
    @Autowired
    private EmployeeManager employeeManager;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String listEmployees(ModelMap map)
    {
        map.addAttribute("employee", new EmployeeEntity());
        map.addAttribute("employeeList", employeeManager.getAllEmployees());
        return "editEmployeeList";
    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addEmployee(@ModelAttribute(value="employee") EmployeeEntity employee, BindingResult result)
    {
        employeeManager.addEmployee(employee);
        return "redirect:/";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/delete/{employeeId}")
    public String deleteEmplyee(@PathVariable("employeeId") Integer employeeId)
    {
        employeeManager.deleteEmployee(employeeId);
        return "redirect:/";
    }
    public void setEmployeeManager(EmployeeManager employeeManager) {
        this.employeeManager = employeeManager;
    }
}
Step 7) Now we will write our application’s view layer which is actually a .jsp file.
editEmployeeList.jsp
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags" prefix="spring"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Spring 3 hibernate integration example on www.howtodoinjava.com</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h2>Employee Management Screen : Spring 3 hibernate integration example on www.howtodoinjava.com</h2>
    <form:form method="post" action="add" commandName="employee">
        <table>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="firstname"><spring:message code="label.firstname"/></form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="firstname" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="lastname"><spring:message code="label.lastname"/></form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="lastname" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="email"><spring:message code="label.email"/></form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="email" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><form:label path="telephone"><spring:message code="label.telephone"/></form:label></td>
            <td><form:input path="telephone" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2">
                <input type="submit" value="<spring:message code="label.add"/>"/>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table> 
    </form:form>
    <h3>Employees</h3>
    <c:if  test="${!empty employeeList}">
    <table class="data">
    <tr>
        <th>Name</th>
        <th>Email</th>
        <th>Telephone</th>
        <th>Action</th>
    </tr>
    <c:forEach items="${employeeList}" var="emp">
        <tr>
            <td>${emp.lastname}, ${emp.firstname} </td>
            <td>${emp.email}</td>
            <td>${emp.telephone}</td>
            <td>delete</td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    </table>
    </c:if>
    </body>
</html>
Step 8) Our java code is complete and now its time to configure the application. Lets start from web.xml. In web.xml, we will configure the front controller for spring framework that is DispatcherServlet.
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>/WEB-INF/index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>employee</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>employee</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/employee-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
</web-app>
Step 9) Lets configure spring framework for hibernate data source, message resources, view resolvers and other such things.
employee-servlet.xml
<?xml  version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
    xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">
    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.howtodoinjava.controller" />
    <bean id="jspViewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="messageSource"
        class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="classpath:messages"></property>
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
        p:location="/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties"></bean>
    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"
        p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}"
        p:url="${jdbc.databaseurl}" p:username="${jdbc.username}"
        p:password="${jdbc.password}"></bean>
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <property name="configLocation">
            <value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
        </property>
        <property name="configurationClass">
            <value>org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration</value>
        </property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.dialect}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="employeeDAO" class="com.howtodoinjava.dao.EmployeeDaoImpl"></bean>
    <bean id="employeeManager" class="com.howtodoinjava.service.EmployeeManagerImpl"></bean>
    <tx:annotation-driven />
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>
Step 10) Hibernate configuration becomes simple when using annotation. Lets see how easy it is.
hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <mapping class="com.howtodoinjava.entity.EmployeeEntity"></mapping>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Step 11) Lets mention jdbc connection properties and message resource properties.
jdbc.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
jdbc.databaseurl=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=password
messages_en.properties
label.firstname=First Name
label.lastname=Last Name
label.email=Email
label.telephone=Telephone
label.add=Add Employee

label.menu=Actions
label.title=Employee Form
label.footer=www.HowToDoInJava.com
That’s it. Your application is ready to be deployed on server of your choice. At the end, your project structure should look like this.
Spring 3 hibernate integration project structure
Spring 3 hibernate integration project structure
If you find any issue in building or running this application, drop em a comment and I will try to help you.
Download source code
Update:
If you are facing issue :: “ java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/hibernate/cache/CacheProvider”
Possible Solution: Please try changing org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean to org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean
===hibernate3 to hibernate4===
More references:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7528862/exception-noclassdeffounderror-for-cacheprovider
http://code.google.com/p/jgk-spring-recipes/wiki/Migrating_Spring31_Hibernate4

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/aopalliance/intercept/MethodInterceptor
Possible Solution: Download and add com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar to your classpath
Refer:
http://forum.spring.io/forum/spring-projects/aop/74011-java-lang-noclassdeffounderror-org-aopalliance-intercept-methodinterceptor
Happy Learning !!

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